1. Electrostatics

• Coulomb’s Law, Electric field due to point charge
• Electric dipole and torque on a dipole
• Electric potential due to point charge and dipole
• Capacitance of parallel plate capacitor, effect of dielectric
• Energy stored in capacitor

2. Current Electricity

• Drift velocity, relation with current
• Ohm’s law (microscopic form)
• Kirchhoff’s laws and simple circuit problems

3. Magnetic Effects of Current & Magnetism

• Biot–Savart law (straight wire, circular loop)
• Force on moving charge in magnetic field
• Force on current carrying conductor, torque on current loop
• Moving coil galvanometer (conversion to ammeter/voltmeter)
• Bar magnet as equivalent solenoid,

4. Electromagnetic Induction & Alternating Current

• Faraday’s law, Lenz’s law
• Self and mutual inductance
• AC circuit: resistor, inductor, capacitor (only basic cases)
• Resonance in LCR series circuit

5. Electromagnetic Waves

• Basic properties of EM waves
• Spectrum – uses of radio, microwave, infrared, visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays

6. Optics

• Reflection & refraction of light, mirror & lens formula
• Lens maker’s formula, combination of lenses
• Microscope & Telescope (formula for magnification)
• Wave optics: Young’s double slit experiment, diffraction due to single slit,

7. Dual Nature of Matter & Radiation

• Photoelectric effect & Einstein’s equation
• de Broglie relation

8. Atoms & Nuclei

• Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom, energy levels
• Binding energy per nucleon curve

9. Semiconductor Electronics

• Energy bands: conductor, insulator, semiconductor
• p–n junction diode: forward & reverse bias
• Diode as rectifier